Violet dyes of the 1860’s : Hofmann, Britannia, Violet de Paris, Wanklyn’s and Crystal violet (1883)

Open Access via the Sage Agreement The authors thank the UK EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre for mass spectrometric data and the UK National Crystallography Centre (University of Southampton) for the X-ray data collections. M.J.P. performed all synthesis and obtained the characterisation data and W.T.A.H. solved the crystallographic data sets. Data sets were obtained free of charge from the National Crystallography Centre, Southampton University.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Investigation of the Transition Reaction of Tobermorite to Xonotlite under Influence of Additives

The objective of the present work was to investigate the transition reaction of the calcium silicate hydrate tobermorite into xonotlite under influence of additives. Tobermorite is the main binding agent in steam hardened building materials and the appearance of xonotlite indicates the progress of hardening and an overcuring of the material. Hydrothermal experiments under addition of sucrose, calcium formate and calcium chloride dihydrate to the main components quartz and lime were done using temperatures of 220°C and a reaction time of 40.5 h. All experiments were performed with powders as well as with pressed educts. The products of all syntheses were analyzed with XRD, SEM/EDX and FTIR. The references as well as the syntheses with calcium chloride dihydrate led to the formation of 11 Å tobermorite and xonotlite. The former showed the best results and even synthesis with pressed educts and calcium chloride dihydrate revealed an accelerating effect of the additive. In contrast syntheses with sucrose had the worst reactivity and led to the formation of calcite beside the CSH-phase scawtite. The additive calcium formate was only slightly oppressing the crystallization of tobermorite and favouring the formation of xonotlite. Syntheses with pressed pellets and sucrose or calcium formate showed generally worse results

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of CSH-Phases in the Range of C/S = 0.41 - 1.66 at Temperatures of the Tobermorite Xonotlite Crossover

Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate-phases (CSH-phases) are important binding agents of building materials. The synthesis of CSH phases and their structural characterization was done to investigate the crystallization in dependence of an increasing CaO/SiO2 ratio (C/S ratios) from 0.41 up to 1.66 at temperatures in the crossover region of tobermorite to xonotlite (180℃ and 230℃). Parallel runs with the same C/S ratio but on the one hand with constant mass of quartz and variation of lime and on the other hand under reverse conditions (constant mass of lime but variable amounts of quartz) were performed at both temperatures. The aim was to clarify the connections of crystallization mechanism and kinetics of phase formation with structure, crystallinity and morphology of the CSH’s in the mentioned C/S ratio for both temperatures in the tobermorite-xonotlite crossover region. The parallel experiments with different mass ratios of the educts are important to study the influence of time evaluation of supersaturation within the solution under the peculiarities of the retrograde solubility of lime but accelerated solubility of quartz. The products were characterized by XRD, SEM/EDX, FTIR and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy (using the Q-site nomenclature [1]). The experiments could clarify some important connections of crystallization process and the reaction pathway

Editorial: Sex and Gender Differences in Body Image

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Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of cationic aniline dyes from the Technical University of Dresden Historical Collection of Dyes

Open Access via the Jisc Sage Agreement Acknowledgements We are grateful to Prof. Dr. Horst Hartmann of the Historische Farbstoffsammlung, Technische Universität Dresden and to the Chandler museum, New York, for samples to analyse. Declaration of conflicting interests The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Funding The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

60 Jahre internationale Musikquellenerschließung: Das RISM als Instrument der Musikforschung

Vor 60 Jahren begann die Arbeit an dem größten musikbibliographischen Projekt in der Geschichte der Musikforschung: RISM / Répertoire International des Sources Musicales. Die Idee für ein Quellenlexikon, das die musikalische Überlieferung weltweit verzeichnet, entstand nach 1945, als der Zweite Weltkrieg viele Quellen zerstört oder verstreut hatte. Die Geisteswissenschaften benötigten in ihren Wissenschaftsbereichen einen – international ausgerichteten – Neubeginn, eine an den Quellen orientierte, ideologiefreie und Kulturen übergreifende Zusammenarbeit. Die Realisierung war von Anfang an verknüpft mit dem Aufbau der Vereinten Nationen seit 1947 und steht seither unter der Schirmherrschaft der UNESCO. Die Idee, die Umsetzung und die Kontinuität des RISM sind Meilensteine für die Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften

Musikhandschriften des Dresdner Schumann-Albums: Neu erschlossen und digitalisiert

Von dem sogenannten Schumann-Album, welches die Sächsische Landesbibliothek 1934 erwarb, sind insgesamt 57 musikalische Albumblätter erhalten und bereits digitalisiert. Darunter einige Stücke einer Sammlung von Clara Schumann und auch Kompositionen, die Robert Schumann von Komponisten erhielt

Untersuchungen zum Kristallisationsverhalten und zur Morphologie von 11 Å Tobermorit in Abhängigkeit von der Reaktivität der Kieselsäurequelle und dem Ionenbestand der Hydrothermallösung

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Musikhandschriften des Dresdner Schumann-Albums: Neu erschlossen und digitalisiert

Von dem sogenannten Schumann-Album, welches die Sächsische Landesbibliothek 1934 erwarb, sind insgesamt 57 musikalische Albumblätter erhalten und bereits digitalisiert. Darunter einige Stücke einer Sammlung von Clara Schumann und auch Kompositionen, die Robert Schumann von Komponisten erhielt